Ephemeris for Physical Observations of Mars, 1879-80

Workshop on Mars Telescopic Observations

Analysis of Ephemeris Errors in Autonomous Celestial Navigation during Mars Approach Phase

A Celestial Navigation System (CNS) is a feasible and economical autonomous navigation system for deep-space probes. Ephemeris errors have a great influence on the performance of CNSs during the Mars approach phase, but there are few research studies on this problem. In this paper, the analysis shows that the ephemeris error of Mars is slowly-varying, while the ephemeris error of Phobos and Dei...

Observations of the nightside ionosphere of Mars by the Mars Express Radio Science Experiment (MaRS)

[1] The vertical structure of the nightside ionosphere of Mars and its dependence on solar zenith angle are currently poorly determined, as is the importance of two key sources of nightside plasma, electron precipitation and transport of dayside plasma. We examined 37 electron density profiles of the ionosphere of Mars at solar zenith angles of 101 –123 obtained by the Mars Express Radio Scienc...

A Medical Sketch of Inland Emigration Operations from 1863-64 to 1879-80

at the time on the point of death ; there was no provision for medical attendance on the journey, nor for any sanitary requisites. The depots in which the unfortunate laborers were huddled together in Calcutta were under no supervision; one in particular was described as a spot to sight and smell more horrible than could well be imagined. The contractors, moreover, had no more interest in the wel-

Modeling Mars’ ionosphere with constraints from same‐day observations by Mars Global Surveyor and Mars Express

[1] We have analyzed a brief period of same‐day observations of the Martian ionosphere using data obtained in December 2004 from the Mars Global Surveyor (MGS) and Mars Express (MEX) radio occultation experiments. These data were taken shortly after sunrise under solstice conditions in both hemispheres, with MGS in the summer (northern) hemisphere at high latitudes while MEX was in the winter (...